The Historical Development of Matrix Structural Analysis and its Morphing into the Finite Element
Method
Professor Carlos A. Felippa
University of Colorado, USA
The evolution of Matrix Structural Analysis from 1930 through 1970 is outlined. Hightlighted are three major
contributions by Collar and Duncan, Argyris, and Turner, which shaped this evolution. To enliven the
narrative the outline is configured as a three-act play. Following a Prologue that begins in 1858 at
Cambridge, Act I describes the pre-WWII formative period. Act II spans a period of confusion during which
matrix methods assumed bewildering complexity in response to conflicting demands and restrictions. Act III
outlines the cleanup and consolidation driven by the appearance of the Direct Stiffness Method, through which
MSA completed morphing into the present implementation of the Finite Element Method. A summary Epilogue with
personal conclusions as to the lessons of this historical development are given.
